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Cake day: May 19th, 2024

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  • IlovePizza@lemmy.worldtoHistory Memes@piefed.socialSpill
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    18 days ago

    From ChatGPT:

    Several Indigenous civilizations in the Americas had their written records deliberately destroyed, while others relied heavily on oral knowledge that disappeared when communities were decimated. Here’s a clear breakdown of both types:


    Civilizations Whose Records Were Intentionally Destroyed

    Aztec (Mexica) Empire

    • Type of records: Pictorial and glyphic codices on history, astronomy, tribute, law, and religion.
    • Destruction: After the conquest, Spanish authorities, most famously Bishop Juan de Zumárraga and later Diego de Landa, burned almost all Aztec codices as “idolatrous.”
    • Survival: Fewer than 20 pre-conquest or early-contact codices survive.

    Maya Civilization

    • Type of records: Highly developed writing system; texts on astronomy, mathematics, calendars, history, and ritual.
    • Destruction: Inquisition-era clerics burned “thousands” of books and idols; Diego de Landa’s auto-da-fé in 1562 is the most notorious.
    • Survival: Only four confirmed pre-conquest Maya codices remain (Dresden, Madrid, Paris, Grolier).

    Mixtec Civilization

    • Type of records: Rich pictographic histories of dynasties, genealogies, wars, religious rituals.
    • Destruction: Many codices lost to Spanish burnings and suppression of Mixtec priest-scribes.
    • Survival: A few extraordinary codices remain (Codex Zouche-Nuttall, Codex Vindobonensis).

    Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu)

    • Type of records: Not written in books, but quipus—complex knotted-string recording systems for census, tribute, calendrics, and possibly narrative information.
    • Destruction: Colonial authorities destroyed many quipus, and forced conversion efforts suppressed quipu-keepers (khipukamayuqs).
    • Survival: ~1,000 quipus remain, but most without context.

    Taíno (Caribbean)

    • Type of records: Primarily oral, but also ceremonial carvings (zemis), sacred objects, and chronicled songs.
    • Destruction: Spanish campaigns wiped out most of the population within decades; much material culture was destroyed or lost.

    Muisca (Colombia)

    • Type of records: Mostly oral histories and sacred textiles and objects.
    • Destruction: Spanish suppression of temples and ceremonial items erased much of their intellectual heritage.

    Civilizations Whose Knowledge Faded With Their Communities

    These relied heavily on oral traditions or fragile local materials. When communities were devastated by disease, enslavement, and forced assimilation, their knowledge systems could not survive intact.

    Mississippian Cultures (e.g., Cahokia)

    • No writing system; history was preserved orally.
    • Collapse accelerated by population loss after contact, long before written ethnography could record their traditions.

    Ancestral Puebloans, Hohokam, Mogollon

    • Sophisticated sciences (astronomy, hydrology, architecture) maintained through oral knowledge.
    • Much was lost after displacement, missionization, and cultural fragmentation.

    Wari, Tiwanaku (pre-Inca Andes)

    • No writing system; relied on knot-based or symbolic systems.
    • Knowledge of state organization and ritual life vanished after the societies collapsed long before Spanish arrival, and then post-contact disruptions erased remaining memories.

    Nahua, Zapotec, Purepecha, and many others

    • These groups had writing or semi-writing systems, but much of what we know today survives only in fragments because:

      • manuscripts were burned,
      • priestly classes were suppressed,
      • or oral lineages were broken.

    The Scale of Loss

    Across the Americas, scholars estimate:

    • hundreds of languages vanished, each carrying unique worldviews and knowledge systems;
    • countless scientific, agricultural, ecological, and medical traditions were lost or fragmented;
    • many civilizations’ histories and lineages were erased or only partially reconstructed through archaeology.

    It truly was a civilizational-scale knowledge collapse—yet also a story of survival, because many Indigenous peoples continue to preserve, revive, and rebuild these traditions today.











  • “Let them kill each other off” is a cold way to talk about a conflict where one side is a nuclear-armed state backed by the West, and the other is a stateless people under occupation. This isn’t a fair fight—it’s a military superpower bombing refugee camps, hospitals, and UN schools while starving 2 million civilians.

    You claim Palestinians would “chop heads off” Americans, but the U.S. has armed Israel for decades while it bulldozes homes, steals land, and locks millions in an open-air prison. If Palestinians hate American policy, can you blame them? Meanwhile, Israel gets billions in U.S. weapons while its politicians call for the “flattening of Gaza.” Who’s really the ally here?

    Yes, Hamas is brutal—but they didn’t appear out of nowhere. Decades of occupation, blockade, and apartheid radicalized people. That doesn’t justify Oct. 7, but ignoring the context is dishonest. Collective punishment—starving kids, bombing families—only creates more extremism.

    And spare me the Holocaust guilt-tripping. Using Jewish suffering to justify Palestinian suffering is grotesque. Many Holocaust survivors, like those in Jewish Voice for Peace, opposed Zionism. Israel’s government includes far-right ministers who praise settlers burning Palestinian villages—are they “defending Jews” or fueling genocide?

    The West props up Israel while pretending to care about “human rights.” If you’ve really been to the region, you’d know: this isn’t about “rooting for Jews or Arabs.” It’s about ending occupation, apartheid, and Western hypocrisy.



  • I disagree. There’s things we can do to help. If you have some money to spare, you can donate to charities that work in those countries, there are many. You can also vote for political parties that defend international justice and reducing inequality globally. You can also boycott companies that behave unethically in exploiting the natural resources of poorer countries. If we are talking about Somalia, I heard many rich countries’ fishin boats go there to fish making it harder for local fishermen to make a living. We have a lot more power than we think. It starts with caring.