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Cake day: September 19th, 2023

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  • I would be one of those readers, so I got curious and found this article from 2024:

    https://www.embrapa.br/en/busca-de-noticias/-/noticia/91690274/embrapa-identifica-primeiro-caso-de-vassoura-de-bruxa-da-mandioca-no-brasil

    For those unaware:

    “Witches’ broom” is named as such because it leaves plant branches dry and deformed, with dwarfism and proliferation of weak and thin shoots from the stems, making it look like a dry broom. As the disease evolves, chlorosis* (leaves turn yellow due to insufficient chlorophyll production)*, wilting and leaf drying commonly occur, and eventually apical and descending plant death.

    The source also has these recommendations to reduce impact of the disease:

    1. Intensified monitoring and surveillance of cultivated areas for early identification of symptoms.

    1.1. Early detection protocol for the pathogen via PCR and/or via HTS sequencing to support monitoring and surveillance activities.

    1.2. Accreditation of labs to diagnose and index important cassava pathogens.

    1. Quarantine: Implementation of quarantine measures to restrict the movement of plant material from affected areas.
    2. Healthy Cuttings: Use of provenly healthy cassava cuttings, which were either produced in regions without the disease or in conditions that do not allow the pathogen to grow (e.g. thermal chambers, nurseries and greenhouses)
    3. Chemical Treatment: Use of specific fungicides to control the spread of the pathogen, in compliance with local regulations.
    4. Crop Practices: removal and burning of diseased plants to reduce inoculation in affected areas and decrese the incidence of new infected plants.
    5. Asepsis/Sanitization of tools used to destroy plants presenting signs of the disease. A wash with water and detergent is followed by sanitization with a 1.25% sodium hypochlorite solution.
    6. Bagging and promptly washing clothes, shoes and headgear worn in visits to areas affected by the disease, so as to prevent the dissemination of spores to other regions of the country.
    7. Publications, videos and poster to raise awareness about signs of the disease and means of transmission.----